Pneumatic drill.



No. 862,905. n u PATENTED AUG. 13, 1907.

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No. 862.905. PATENTBD AUG.13, 1907.

F. HART.

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No.`ss2,o5. PATENTED AUG. 13, 1907.

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REDERIGK HART, OF POUGHKEEPSIE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO LOUIS DENNISONSWEET,

TRUSTEE, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

PNEUMATIC DRILL.

peccation of LettersPatent.

Patented Aug. 13, 1907.

Application filed September 2B, 1902, Serial No. 124,942. RenewedJanuary 6, 1906. SIial N0. 294.826.

a all lwhom it may concern.' Be it known that I, FREDERICK HART, asubject of e King of Great Britain, residing at Poughkeepsie, in ecounty of Duchess and Stateof New York, have inntcd certain new and'useful Improvements in Pneu- Ltic Drills, ot which the following is aspecification. lhis invention relates to that class of drills which is3d for the purpose of drilling or boring in rock and is, and hasparticular relation to the construction and langement of the parts whichform thev drill, as will ire fully hereinafter appear. lhe principalobject of the invention is to provide a ople, economical and eliicientpneumatic ore and ne-drillin g machine. A. further object of theinvention is to provide an ore d stone drill with percussion and rotarymechanism. Further objects oi the invention will appear from anamination ot the drawings and the following descripn and claims. y Pheinvention consists principally in a pneumatic ll, in which therearecombined a rotatable hammer linder provided with an axial opening inthe front l to receive the shank of a drill or similar tool, a perssionhammer therein, a fluid pressure engine to .the .r thereof and arrangedsubstantially in line with i hammer cylinder, and gear mechanisminterposed tween the multiple cylinder fluid pressure engine l hammercylinder to transmit power' and motion in the engine to the hammercylinder. lhe invention consists further in a pneumatic drill whichthere are combined a supporting frame porn., a hammer cylinder rotatablymounted therein .l provided with a projecting forward end to receive ishank of a drill or similar tool, a percussion hammer ircin, a multiplecylinder fluid pressure engine arrged at the rear of and substantiallyin line with the nmcr cylinder, a gear on the hammer cylinder, a ondgear non-rotatably fixed to the frame of the chine, and an intermediategear driven by the ene to transmit power and motion from such engine to:h l'iarnmer cylinder. lhe invention consists lurther, and finally, inthe turcs, combinations and details of construction here- ;lto'rdescribed and claimed. n the accompanying drawings-Figure 1 is a plan Wof a rock and ore-boring drill constructed in acdance with theseimprovements; Fig. 2 a side elefion of the same; Fig. 3 an enlargedlongitudinal tion of a portion of the machine, taken on line 3 of 1 andembracing so inuch of the machine as is losed by the bracket 3 of Fig.2; Fig. 4 a longitudisectional elevation of the front end of themachine, en on line 4 of Fig. 1 and embracing as much ol the chine as isinclosed by bracket 4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 a tional elevation of a portionof the machine, em-

ltap the drill and drive it into the rock or ore.

bracing about the same mechanismsas are shown in Fig. 3, but with thehammer cylinder, gears and engine casing in full line; Fig. 6 across-sectional view, taken on line 6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 across-sectional elevation, taken on line 7 `of Fig. 3; Fig. 8 a crosssectional elevation, taken on line 8 of Fig. 4; Fig. 9 a cross-sectionalelevation, taken on line 9 of Fig. 4; Fig. 10 a' cross sectionalelevation, taken on line 10 of Figs. 3 and 5. Fig. 11 a detail ol thefixed partition, which carries one of the intermediate gears and whichalso f forms a journal bearing for one end of the rotatable engine,removed from connection with the other mechanisms; Fig. 12a sideelevation of the same; Fig. 13 a cross sectional view, taken on line 13ol Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 14 a. crosssectional view, taken on line 14 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction ofthe arrow--that is, in a direction opposite to the mechanism shown inFig. 13; Fig. 15 an elevation of the cap which closes the enginechamber, looking at it from the inside, which would be about line 1410iFig. 13 and line 15 of Fig. 19 looking in the direction of the arrows,with all other mechanisms removed; Fig. 16 a similar view, partly insection, taken on line 16 of Fig.

'19; Fig. 17 a similar' view, taken on line 17 of Fig. 1Q;

Fig. `18 an elevation of the outer side of such cap, partly in section,taken on line 18 of Fig. 19 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig.19 a longitudinal sectional elevation ol the cap, taken on line 19 ofFig. 17 looking in the direction ofthe arrow; Fig. 20 aplan view, partlyin section, of the disk valve hereinafter described; Fig. 21 a developedsurface view of the chamber in which the tapered plug controlling orthrottle valve operates; Fig. 22 a similar view ofthe outer surface ofthe valve itself, laid in a .flat plane; Fig. 23 a crosssectional view,taken on line 23 `of Fig. 4; Fig. 24 a cross sectional view, taken online 24 of Fig. 4; and Fig. 25 a cross sectional view, taken on line 25ol Fig. 4. In the art to which this invention relates, it s well knownthat in the drilling of rock or ore it is desirable to have a drillwhich is provided with mechanism to give the drill a large number ofblows in succession-in other words, to have a. percussion hammer whichwill At the same time it is desirable to have some mechanism by whichthe drill is turned while the percussion hammer 100 is in operation,thereby facilitating the breaking up of the rock and ore in the hole inwhich the drill is workin g. Describing first the means by which thedrill is held in position for use, a swiveling base a, having a` slide bfixed thereto, is provided.A Slidingly mounted upon 105 the slide ofthis swiveling base is a supporting frame, comprising a saddle portionc, a tubular portion forming the hammer cylinder, and a casing o, in thechamber u of which the engine cylinders are mounted. The saddle portionsupports the tubular portion d, by means of 110.

a plurality of pillars e, fand g,-as shown in Fig. Z-and also' supportsthe casing 1), all being slidable with the saddle portion. In thetubular portion is rotatably mounted a hammer cylinder h, the front endof which is provided with an axial opening adapted to receive the shanki oi a drill or similar tool. This drill shank projects a small distanceinto the hammer chamber oi the cylinder, so that a percussion hammer jmay strike the same a large number ol blows in rapid succession anddrive its cutting end into the rock or ore.

To operate or reciprocate the'percussion hammer, the hammer cylinder isprovided with a bore, or what might be termed a stepped hammer chamberl-.that is, a bore having a portion k oi small diameter, in which theiront or reduced portion of the hammer works or'moves, and a bore orchamber portion l having a large diameter, in which the head of thehammer operates. Examining Fig. 4, it'will be seen that the head of thehammer forms a shoulder m, which, when it is in a position slightly tothe right of that shown in the figure, is in. position to form anannular chamber n in which the fluid pressure operates to move itbackwards. When in the position shown in Fig. 4, the fluid pressureflows through a plurality of by-passes o to the rear of the cylinder,where it enters the stepped chamberl in. the rear end of the `hammercylinder, forcing the piston hammer forward to contact the drill shank.When the rear end of the piston hammer passes to the right of a lineSesee Fig. 4-it opens up a plurality ol exhaust passages q so as toexhaust the fluid pressure, or the major portion ol it, into a passage rwhich leads to the base of the frame portion. The fluid pressure, whichacts on the superior area at the rear of the hammer cylinder and pistonhammer, being exhausted, the constant pressure in the annular pressurechamber n forces the piston hammer backwards. If such means are notprovided, the piston hammer, during its rapid reciprocations, willcontact the rear end wall of the hammer cylinder, thereby jarring thesame and making an objectionable and dangerous feature in the machine.Extending inwardly from the cap s, in such position as to engage thesmaller bore in the rear end of the piston hammer as it approaches itsrear limit of motion, is a plunger t. This plungorengages, as abovesuggested, the smaller diameter oi the bore in the rear of the pistonhammer as it approaches its rear limit of motion, so as to compress theair therein and ofier a cushioning resistance to the further movement ofthe piston hammer towards the rear, thereby checking such movement in agradual manner and minimizing any shock or jar in the machine.

To furnish luid under pressure to the hammer cylinder to reciprocate thehammer, such cylinder is provided with a multiplicity of inlet openings53 registering at all times-when the main throttle valve hereinafterdescribed is opened-with a passage 54 in the pillar e oi the machine,and which also extends around through the pillar portion oi thesupporting frame in which the hammer cylinder is rotatably mounted. Thispassage 54 is continued longitudinally along the frame of the machine tothe throttle' valve hereinafter described.

As beiore stated, it becomes necessary and desirable to provide means orrotating the hammer cylinder with its drill. To accomplish this a fluidpressure engine is provided and rotatably mounted in a chamber u formedby a casing e at the rear of the supporting frame. l Huid pressureengine 4is mounted, as stated, at the 3 of the hammer cylinder andeccentric therewith,

is composed of two tubular cylinders w and a: arrange when consideringtheir relation in the drawingsdifferent vertical planes and preferablyat right an to each other. One end of the engine cylinder m ber isprovided with a bearing journaled upon a p: tion y, which is fixed tothe frame or casing of the chine, and the other side oi the enginecylinder m ber is provided with a valve face portion z having axialopening therein and journaled upon a bea 26, which extends inwardly froma cap 27 which cl the engine chamber. A double crank shaft 2S is videdwith one journal rotatably mounted in the partition y and the other inthe bearing portion oi cap 27, independently of the engine cylinder andcentric to the axis thereof. Each end of both tub cylinders is Closed bymeans oi threaded heads 29, each cylinder is provided with twosingle-acting tons 30 and 3l, secured together by means of the sci 32 ator near a point where they form bearings for cranks 33 on the enginecrank shalt. i

To transmit power and motion from the multiple inder fluid pressureengine to the hammer cylinder, rear cap of such cylinder is providedwith an wardly projecting spur gear 34, and the Iixed parti y has aforwardly projecting non-rotatable spur ges having a lesser number ofteeth by two than the Sli-that is, the gear 34 has 34'teeth, while thegez has but 32 teeth, although this particular numbl not essential, and,urthermore,` the ratio of gea may be different from that shown, and maybe chai in various ways, as will be readily apparent to t skilled in theart. For instance, in this syster gearing the two spur gears may have adifferent r ber oi teeth, and the two internal gears may ha differentnumber of teeth; or; as in the case in pl the two internal gears mayhave the same numb teeth and the two spur gears a diferent number again,the two spur gears may be of the same nur oi teeth and the two internalgears of a different r ber. By reversing the positions of gears 34 and3E direction of the hammer cylinder would be chan In this instance Iprefer to provide the inner pro ing end of the engine Crank shaft withan eccentri upon which is loosely mounted a bushing 37 liavir internalspur gear 38, in turn loosely mounted the'l This internal gear has moreteeth than either oi spur gears, and engages with both. Being loose 1the crank shaft as. it rotates, the internal gear eng Y with the fixedgear and, rotating upon the same, d:

the rotatable hammer cylinder with its gear beic in proportion to thenumber o teeth in all oi gears. It will also be seen that as the enginecylir rotate, the crank shaft is turned twice for every tion of thecylinders-once for the rotation of the inders, and once by the thrustsoi the movable pis In this form oi engine there are three members, oneof which may be held iirm, but the other two be allowed to rotate. Thethree members are th` gine cylinders, the crank, and the trunnion on uthe engine cylinders rotate. The engine cylinders be held fast and thecrank and the trunnions all to rotate; or the crank may be held fast andthe 1s and cylinders allowed to rotate; or, as I prefer have here shownand described, the trunnions may Leld fast and the engine and crankallowed to rotate. o furnish fluid pressure to and exhaust it from thembers of the cylinders of the multiple fluid pressure ine, a valve cap39 is provided and secured to the fe face z of the engine, in suchmanner as to provide lve chamber 40. In this valve chamber is arranged.nnular valve 41, which has a circular groove or exst port 42 on theinner face thereof, which groove is aected with a similar groove 43 onthe other face of valve, by means of a plurality of perforations 44, inr to balance such valve. The valve is further prord with a transverse orradial slot or groove 45, which itantially divides the valve into twoparts, con- ;ed only by pillars 46, through which the perforas 44extend. This dividing slot, or as I will herer term it radial slot7 45,forms the inlet passage `ugh such valve and registers at all times witha slot see Figs. 19 and 5-in the bearing portion ofthe cap Jhichconnects with the main inlet passage 48 and ends through such cap andthe engine frame, so that ,ll tinieshwhen the `throttle valve isopen--fluid sure will be admitted to the valve chamber. The .ne is inturn provided with ypassages or ports 49, one ach end of its cylinderportions, which form alter- :ly inlet and outlet ports. These inletports, as I will convenience term them, lead outwardly from the nderchambers and towards the center of the valve of the engine, as shown inFig. 3. The exhaust ports and through the walls of the engine inside ofthe named passages and in position to register with a l-see Fig.19-which, in turn, connects with the u exhaust passage 52 in the cap 27.During the rom of the engine, as shown somewhat in Fig. 3, the ve orexhaust port 42 on the inner face of the disk 7e connects the passages49 and 51 together, thereby pleting the exhaust channel, so that anyfluid unpressure in the engine cylinder may be exhausted i each of thecylinders successively and as the enl cylinders rotate. he supplypassage 48, which leads to the multiple nder iiuid pressure engine andthe supply passage 54 :h leads to the hammer cylinder, both enter theroble chamber, so that they maybe controlled by one ttle valve-all ofwhich will be understood by those Aed in the art. It is desirable tohave a throttle ye of such construction and arrangement that it will itfluid under pressure asdesired. To accomplish a tapered plug throttlevalve 56 is provided and tablymounted in the supporting plate-as Ichoose :rm it-having a main or longitudinal tubular open- 57 therein,and radial openings 58, 59 and 60 extendthrough its side walls and alsohaving a tube G2 been the outer wall of the valve and the wall of such`itudiual opening 57. The opening 58 connects the a opening in the valvewith the supply passage 54 leads to the hammer cylinder. The opening orrings 59 connect the main passage in the valve with passage 48 thatleads to the fluid pressure engine.

passage 60 is a by-pass, which is opened before.,

er one of the openings 58 and 59 connect with their ective passages, sothat any dirt or dust in the valve blow through an opening G1 in theframe of the mae. The passages 59 are of varying size-that is, the

left-hand or initial end of the same are of smaller diameter, as shownin Fig. 22, so that when they first connect with the passage 48 theyadmit the minimum amount of pressure thereto and rotate theiluidpressure engine slowly at first. When the right hand passage isregistering with 48, then the maximum amount of motive fluid is admittedto the fluid pressure engine to rotate the same at its maximum velocity.As shown in Fig. 21, the valve is about to increase speed of engine,andthe hammer is already at its maximum. The action of the throttlevalve is as follows: First, it opens engine port just sufficiently toturn the engine; second, it turns the hammer and brings it to fullspeed; third, it increases the speed of the engine to its maximum(hammer remaining during this period at full speed); fourth, it stopsthe hammer; fifth, it stops the engine; and sixth, it blows out thedirt.

To prevent dirt -or dust from entering the machine, a second precautionis takenhthat is, a screen 262 is mounted intermediate thel ports 58 and59 and the main passage of the valve, so that all dust or dirt will beapt to remain in the valve and not pass through the machine.

This screen is formed of reticulated metal, preferably of wire netting,as shown, and is mounted `intermediate the tube 62 and the wall of thepassage or longitudinal opening 57 of the valve 56, as shown in Figs. 4,6, and 7.l As above stated, the dust remaining in the valve will beblown out after the passages 48 and 54 are closed through the passages60 and 61, and again before such passages are opened-all of which willbe appreciated by those skilled inthe art.

It is desirable, and oftentimes necessary, to provide the working end ofthe drill with water; and in order to accomplish this in as economical amanner as possible, I provide an annular water channel 162 between thehammer cylinder and its tubular supporting portion, and thevfront end ofthe hammer cylinder with a longitudinal passage 163, in which is mounteda water pipe 64, held in place by means of a set screw 65. This waterchannel is connected with a source of water supply byy means of a tube66, shown particularly in Fig. 23. By this, it will be seen that thehammer cylinder may be rotated at all times, so as not to interfere withthe supply of water to the pipe 64.

To feed the supporting frame forward on its turret base, such base isprovided with a threaded nut 67, and the supporting frame with a feedscrew 68, journaled therein at 69 in the usual manner and provided withan operating handle 70.

In order to oil the machine economically and in as few places aspossible to enable it to work as long as possible, the cap of themachine is provided with an oil chamber 7l., which has an oil passage 72leading therefrom through the bearing portion of such cap and into theend of the same, and consequently intothe first fluid pressure cylinderin the engine. .As much oil as is necessary may be admitted into thiscylinder, which opens into the second cylinder at the central portionthereof, on account of the single-acting pistons being hollow, or of theusual trunk shape. The oil in such cylinders will serve not only tolubricate the pistons and cylinders, but also the crank shafts andvbearings therefor. It will also lubricate the outer rotatable bearingof the engine frame and flow from therein with the air pressure out intothe valve chamber to lubricate it and its movable bearings. A supply ofoil may be kept in this chamber that will suffice to run the machinefrom two to three days, and sometimes even a week, as has beendetermined by actual experiments. The intermediate internal gear rotatesin a gear chamber 73, which chamber is considerably larger than the gearand has an opening extending out to the outer sui'- face of the machinetrame closed by an oil screw 74, so that oil may be forced into thischamber to lubricate the gears and mountings thereiorand the inner endof the hammer cylinder. The hammer cylinder is provided with an oilchannel 75 at the iront part, access to which may be had by means of anoil screw 76, which further serves to lubricate the hammer cylinder. Oilmay be supplied to the interior of the hammer cylinder by removing anoil screw 'F7-which permits it to enter through the air supply openings,as shown particularly in Fig. lso that these tour points are all that isnecessary to lubricate the entire machine and furnish a supply oi oilthat will last a considerable time-all of which will be understood yandappreciated by those skilled in the art.

I claim:

1. ln mechanisms of the class described, the combination of a rotatablecylinder provided with an opening to receive the shank of a drill orsimilar tool, a percussion hammer therein, a multiple cylinder fluidpressure engine at the rear of the hammer cylinder the crank shaft ofsaid engine being in axial alinement with said rotatable cylinder, andthe cylinders of said engine being symmetrically disposed about saidcrank shaft, and gear mechanism connecting the multiple cylinder fluidpressure engine and the hammer cylinder to transmit power and motionfrom the engine to the hammer cylinder, substantially as described.

2. In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe portion, a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted therein and providedwith an opening in the front end to receive the shank of a drill orsimilar tool, a percussion hammer therein, a'multiple cylinder fluidpressure engine arranged at the rear of the hammer cylinder, the crankshaft of said engine being in axial alinernent with said hammer'cylinder, and the cylinders of said engine being symmetrically disposedabout said crank shaft, and compound gearing interposed between thefluid pressure engine and the hammer cylinder to transmit power andmotion from such engine to such hammer cylinder, substantially asdescribed. f

3. ln mechanisms of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe portion, a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted therein, the frontend of which is provided with an axial opening to receive a drill orsimilar tool, a percussion hammer in the hammer cylinder, a multiplecylinder fluid pressure engine arranged at the rear of the hammercylinder and substantially in line with the hammer cylinder, a gear onsuch hammer cylinder, a second gear fixed to the frame portion, and anintermediate gear engaging with both of lsuch gears and with the fluidpressure engine to transmit power and motion from such fluid pressureengine to the hammer cylinder, substantially as described.

In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe portion, a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted therein having anaxial opening at the forward end thereof to receive the shank of a drillor similar tool, a percussion hammer mounted in such hammer cylinder, acap closing the rear end of such cylinder and provided with an integralspur gear projecting therefrom, a multiple cylinder fluid pressureengine arranged in the rear of the hammer cylinder and substantially inline therewith, a second gear fixed to the frame of the machine, and anintermediate gear engaging with the gear on the cap of the hammercylinder and the xed gear and with the multiple cylinder fluid engine totransmit power and motion from such engine to the hammer cylinder,substantially as described.

'5. In mechanisms of the class described, the combine tion of asupporting frame, a hammer cylinder rotatabl mounted therein andprovided with an axial opening a the frontend to receive the shank of a.drill or simila tool, a percussion hammer in such cylinder, a cap in ergagement with therear end of the hammer cylinder an provided with a spurgear on its outer end, a multipl cylinder uid pressure engine arrangedat the rear of th hammer cylinder and substantially in line therewith,second spur gear fixed to the frame of the machine in axle alinementwith the spur gear on the end of the hamme cylinder and bearing adifferent number of teeth than th gear on the hammer cylinder, and anintermediate gea engaging with both of such gears and with the multiplcylinder fluid pressure engine to transmit power and mi tion therefromto the hammer cylinder, substantially a described.

6. In mechanisms of the class described, the combinz tion of asupporting frame portion, a hammer cylinder r( tatably mounted thereinprovided with an axial opening t receive the shank of a drill or similartool, a percussie hammer therein, a spur gear mounted on the rear end cthe hammer cylinder, a multiple cylinder fluid pressui engine at therear of the hammer cylinder and substal tially in line therewith, asecond gear xed to the frame c the machine, and an internal gearengaging both of`suc gears and the duid pressure engine for transmittingpowa and rotary motion therefrom to the hammer cylinder, sul stantiallyas described.

7.- In mechanisms of the class described, the combin: tion of asupporting frame, a 'hammer cylinder rotatabl mounted therein andprovided with an axial opening i the front end to receive the shank of adrill or simila tool, a percussion hammer in such cylinder, a cap closinthe end of such hammer cylinder and provided with a pr: jecting spurgear, a multiplev cylinder fluid pressure engir arranged at the rear ofthe hammer cylinder and substai tially in line therewith, a second gearfixed to the frau of the machine between the multiple cylinder fluidpre; sure engine and ihe gear on the hammer cylinder, and a internalgear engaging with both of such gears and wit the fluid pressure engineto transmit power and motio therefrom to the hammer cylinder,substantially as di scribed.

8. ln mechanisms of the class described, the combin: tion of asupporting frame, a hammer cylinder rotatabl mounted therein providedwith an axial opening at or end thereof to receive the shank of a drillor similar too a percussion hammer in such cylinder, a gear secured 1and projecting from the rear end of the hammer cylinde a multiplecylinder fluid pressure engine mounted to the rez of the hammer cylinderand substantially in line then with, a crank or similar shaft projectingfrom such engir towards the hammer cylinder having an eccentric on iiprojecting end, a second spur gear fixed to the frame i the machinebetween the fluid pressure engine and tl hammer cylinder, and anintermediate internal ge: loosely mounted upon an eccentric of theengine shaft e] gaging both of the above named gears to transmit pow(and rotary motion from the engine to the hammer cylinde substantially asdescribed.

9. In mechanisms of the class described, the combin: tion of asupporting frame portion, a hammer cylinder rl tatably mounted thereinand provided with an axial ope] ing at its front end to receive theshank of a drill or sim lar tool, a percussion hammer mounted therein, aspi gear secured to and projecting from the rear end of tl hammercylinder, a multiple cylinder fiuid pressure engir rotatably mounted atthe rear end of the hammer cylind( and substantially in line therewith,ya crank shaft in suc engine projecting inwardly therefrom, a second spurgez of a different number of teeth secured to'the frame of tl machineintermediate the iuid pressure engine and tl rst named spur gear, and anintermediate internal spi gear loosely mounted on the crank shaft of theengine an engaging both the above named gears to transmit pow( andmotion from the engine to the hammer cylinder, su stantially asdescribed.

10. ln mechanisms of the class described, the combin tion of asupporting frameportion, a hammer cylind itatably mounted therein andprovided with an axial icning in its front end to receive the shank of adrill or milar implement, a percussion hammer therein, a spur zarsecured to and projecting from the rear end of the immer cylinder, amultiple cylinder luid pressure engine ltatably mounted `in the frame ofth rear of the hammer rlinder and substantially in line therewith, acrank shaft r such fluid pressure engine extending inwardly thereom andprovided with an eccentric portion, a second spur :ar containing alesser number of gear teeth than the Iirst imerl ii yd to the frame ofthe machine intermediate Le fluid pressure engine and the hammercylinder, and an tcrmediate internal gear mounted on the crank shaft andigaging both the spur gears to transmit power and moonfrom the engine tothe hammer cylinder, substantially i described.

1l. ln mechanisms of the class described, the combinaon ot' a supportingframe portion provided with an engine iamber, a hammer cylinderrotatably mounted therein Ld provided with an axial opening at one endthereof to ceve the shank of a drill or similar tool, a gear secured andprojecting from the rear end ofsuch hammer cyliner, a percussion hammerin such cylinder, a multiple cylder iluid pressure engine rotatablymounted in the enne chamber of the supporting frame to the rear of theunmer cylinder, a crank shaft on such hammer cylinder :tending inwardlytherefrom having its inner end jour- Lled in the end of the hammercylinder and provided with l eccentric portion between such cylinder andthe engine, second spur gear containing a dilferent number of teeth an`the iirst named spur gear arranged between the fluid e re engine andthe hammer cylinder, and an internal ur gear loosely mounted on theeccentric of the engine ank shaft and engaging both the above named spurars to transmit power and motion from such engine to e halnmer cylinder,substantially as described.

12. In mechanisms of the class described, the combinan ot a supportingframe portion, a hammer cylinder tatably mounted therein and providedwith an axial ening in its front end to receive the shank of a drill ornilar tool,a percussion hammer in such cylinder, a spur ar securedthereto, a multiple cylinder fluid pressure gine, the casing of which isrotatably mounted in the ame of the machine comprising two cylindersmounted in iferent planes and at an angle to each other, pistons in chportions, a crank shaft provided with two cranks enging the pistons inthe cylindrical portions, one portion which extends inwardly from thefluid pressure engine wards the hammer cylinder, and intermediate gearmech- .ism connecting the crank shaft with the spur gear on e hammercylinder to transmit power and motion theresubstantially as described.

13. In mechanisms of the class described, the combina- )n of asupporting frame portion, a hammer cylinder tatably mounted therein andprovided with an axial ening in its front end to receive the shank of adrill or nilar tool, a percussion hammer in such cylinder, a spur arsecured thereto, a multiple cylinder iluid pressure gine casingrotatably mounted in the frame of the maine comprising two cylindersymounted in different vertil planes and at an angle to each other,pistons in such linder portions, a crank shaft provided with double inksengaging such pistons the outer ends thereof rotably mounted in theframe of the machine with one end tending inwardly and provided with aneccentric porin, and gear mechanism mounted upon the eccentric on einner end of the crank shaft engaging with Vthe spur ar on the hammercylinder to rotate the same, substan- Ally as described.

lll. 1n mechanisms of the class described, the combinaln of a supportingframe portion, a hammer cylinder tatably mounted therein provided withan axial opening one end to receive the shank of a drill or similartool, percussion hammer in such cylinder, a spur gear secured the innerend thereof and projecting therefrom, a multii cylinder iiuid pressureengine rotatably mounted in the tme of the machine to the rear of thehammer cylinder ving two cylinder portions arranged in didercnt verticaltues and at an angle to each other, a double crank shaft i' such engine,two single-acting pistons in each of such portions secured together atthe point where their bearings engage the cranks on the crank shaft, andgear mechanism engaging with the spur gear on the hammer cylinder andwith the crank-shaft of the huid pressure engine to transmit power andmotion therefrom to such hammer cylinder, substantially as described.

1:3, In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of asupporting frame portion,.a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted in theframe portion, a percussion hammer mounted therein, a spur gear securedto'and projecting from the rear end of the hammer cylinder, a multiplecylinder duid pressure engine rotatably mounted in the frame of themachine to the rear of the hammer cylinder and substantially in linetherewith having two cylinders arranged in different vertical `planesand substantially at right angles to each other, a double crank shaftrotatably mounted in the frame of the machine, two single acting pistonsin each of the cylinders secured together lwhere their bearings engagewith the cranks of the crank shaft, an eccentric on the inner end of thecrank shaft, a second spur gear of different number of teeth than thefirst named spur gear secured to the frame of the machine between thefluid pressure engine and the hammer cylinder,

and an internal gear loosely mounted on the eccentric of the crank shaftand engaging both of the gears to transmit power and motion from theengine to the hammer cylinder, substantially as udescribed.

1G. In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of asupporting frame portion, a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted in suchframe portion and provided with an axial opening in the front endthereof to receive the shank of a drill or similar tool, a spur gearsecured to and projecting from the rear end of the hammer cylinder,a'percussion hammer in such cylinder, a multiple cylinder fluid pressureengine rotatably mounted in the frame of the machine to the rear of thehammer cylinder and substantially in line therewith having two cylinderportions arranged in different vertical planes and substantially atright angles to each other, a double crank shaft for such enginerotatably mounted in the frame of the machine and with its inner end inrotary engagement with the rear end of the hammer cylinder, an eccentricon such crank shaft adjacent to the rear end of the hammer cylinder, twosingle acting pistons in each of such cylinder portions of the duidpressure engine secured together at the point where they form bearingsfor the cranks of the crank shaft, a second spur gear of lesser numberof teeth than the first named spur gear secured to the frame of themachine intermediate the fluid pressure engine and the hammer cylinder,au internal gear loosely mounted on the crank shaft and engaging both ofthe first named gears to transmit power and motion from the engine tothe hammer cylinder, substantially as described.

` 17. In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of asupporting frame provided with an engine chamber at its rear portion, ahammer cylinder rotatably mounted therein and provided with an axialopening in the front end thereof to receive the shank of a drill orsimilar tool, a percussion hammer in such cylinder, a multiple cylinderiiuid pressure engine rotatably mounted in the engine chamber of theframe portion, gear'mechanism engaging with such engine and with thehammer cylinder to transmit power and motion from the engine to thecylinder, a removable cap on such supporting frame which closes theengine chamber and on which one journal of the iiuid pressure engine isrotatably mounted, provided with huid pressure supply and exhaustchannels for such engine, and means for cutting oft and supplying uidpressure to the supply channel of such cap, substantially as described.

18. In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of asupporting frame provided with an engine chamber at its rear portion, ahammer cylinder rotatably mounted therein provided with an axial openingin the front end thereof to .receive the shank of a drill or similartool, a multiple cylinder iluid pressure engine rotatably mounted in theengine chamber in the frame of the machine to the rear of the hammercylinder, a cap removably secured to the end of the frame of the machineand closing the engine chamber and forming a bearing for one journal ofthe duid pressure engine and provided with supply and exhaust ports forthe motive fluid of such fluid pressure engine, a crank shaft having oneend journaled in the removable cap and the other end in the frame of themachine and hammer cylinder, and gear mechanism engaging with the hammercylinder and crank shaft to transmit power and motion from the engine tothe cylinder, substantially as described.

19. In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of asupporting frame portion, a hammer cylindel rotatably mounted thereinand 'provided with an axial opening in the front end thereof to receivethe shank of a drill or similar tool, a percussion hammer in suchcylinder, a multiple cylinder fluid pressure engine rotatably mounted inthe frame of the machine for rotating the hammer cylinder comprising twotubular cylinders mounted in different vertical planes and at an angleto each other, a double crank shaft for such engine journaled in thesupporting frame, two single acting pistons in each of such tubularcylinder portions secured together at the point where they form thebearings for the cranks of the crank shaft, a port or passage a't theouter end of each tubular cylinder acting alternately as supply andexhaust ports, a cap secured to one face of the engine casing andproviding a valve chamber between it and the engine casing, a disk valverotatably mounted therein provided with a groove on its inner face, andexhaust ports passing through the engine casing and through the frame ofthe machine and arranged to. be connected by the groove on the innerface of the disk valve,A whereby as the engine is rotated the valveconnects and disconnects in succession the ports and passages to providefor the inlet and exhaust of the motive uid, substantially as described.

20. In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of asupporting frame portion, a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted thereinprovided with an axial opening in the front portion to receive the shankof a drill or similar tool, a multiple cylinder fluid pressure enginerotatably mounted in the frame of the machine comprising two cylinderportions arranged inV different planes and at an angle to each other, adouble crank shaft for such engine rotatably mounted in the frame of themachine, two single acting pistons in each of the cylinder portionssecured together at a point where they form the bearings for and engagewith the crank shaft, a port or passage at the outer ends of eachcylinder acting alternately as supply and exhaust ports, exhaust portsdisconnected from the rst named ports inside of the same and extendingthrough the engine casing and connecting with the main exhaust port inthe frame of the machine, a disk valve, the axis of which is eccentricto the axis of the multiple cylinder uid pressure engine provided with agroove on the inner face thereof which connects and disconnects theports and passages to complete the exhaust passages, the outerperipheral edge of which disk cuts off and opens the inlet portssuccessively, and a cap secured 'to the engine frame and closing thedisk valve to form the valve chamber, substantially as described- 21. Inmechanisms of the class described, the combination of a supporting frameportion, a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted thercin and provided withan axial opening in the front end to receive the shank of a drill orsimilar tool, a percussion hammer in such cylinder, a multiple cylinderfluid pressure engine rotatably mounted in the frame of the machine forrotating the hammer cylinder comprising two cylinders mounted indiderent vertical planes and substantially at right angles to each otherand having a valve face, a double crank shaft for such engine rotatablymounted in the frame of the machine, piston mechanism in such cylinderportions engaging with the crank of the double crank shaft, a port -orpassage at each end of each cylinder alternately acting as an exhaustand inlet port and opening to the valve face of the engine, exhaustports independent of the rst named ports extending through a portion ofthe engine casing and inside of such first named ports and connecting`with a main exhaust port, a disk valve eccentrically mounted with regardto the axis of the engine and provided with a face groove arranged toconnect the rst named ports and passages successively to complete theexhaust channels, a radial slot through which the motive fluid isadmitted to the valve chamber, the inner peripheral edge of the diskvalve cutting off and opening the inlet ports of the enginesuccessively, and a cap secured to the outer face of the disk valve toform the valve chamber, substantially as described.

22. ln a machine of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe portion, a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted therein and providedwith an axial opening in the front end to receive the shank of a drillor similar tool, a percussion hammer in such cylinder, a multiplecylinder fluid pressure engine rotatably mounted in the frame forrotating the hammer cylinder comprising two cylinders mounted indifferent vertical planes and substantially at right angles to eachother and provided with a valve face, a double crank shaft for suchengine, piston mechanism in such cylinders, ports or passages in theengine frame-one for each end of each cylinder portion leading to thevalve face thereof and forming alternately inlet and exhaust ports, asecond set of passages extending through such engine frame in the sameface and inside of the first named ports or passages to formcontinuati'ons of the exhaust ports and connected with a main exhaustport in the supporting frame, a cap secured to the valve face of theengine frame forming a valve chamber in connection with such face, a capportion secured to the frame of the machine extending outside of themultiple cylinder fluid pressure cylinder and having a journal portionextending inwardly therefrom upon which the fluid pressure engine isrotatably mounted and provided with main inlet and exhaust ports for themotive Huid, both of which passages extend through vthe bearing portionsupon which the engine casing is mounted, a disk valve mounted in thevalve chamber upon the capV journal and eccentric to the axis of theduid pressure engine and provided with an inner circular groove whichconnects the ports and passages in the engine casing to complete theexhaust and with a peripheral groove having a radial slot extendinginwardly therefrom to connect with the main inlet .or supply passage forthe admission of motive fluid to the valve chamber, the peripheral edgeof the disk valve being ar ranged to cut off and open the inlet passagessuccessively as the engine casing rotates to admit and cut olf motivefluid supply, substantially as described.

23. In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of asupportingframe portion, a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted therein and providedwith an axial opening in the front end to receive the shank of a drillor similar tool, a, percussion hammer in such cylinder, a multiplecylinder iuid pressure engine for rotating such hammer cylinder, a mainsupply channel on the supporting frame for supplying air under pressureto the hammer cylinder and to the fluid pressure engine, a plug valve insuch channel provided with an axial inlet and peripheral outlets forconnecting the source of air supply with the hammer cylinder' and theiiuid pressure engine, a screen interposed between the main opening ofsuch valve and the openings to the hammer cylinder and fluid pressureengine, and a by-pass in such valve outside of such screen and arrangedto be opened before the other openings are opened andafter they areclosed to permit the dirt and foreign matter therein to blow out of thevalve, substantially as described.

24. In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of asupporting frame portion, a hammer cylinder rotatably mounted thereinprovided with an axial opening in the front end to receive the shank ofa drill or similar tool, a percussion hammer in such hammer cylinder, amultiple cylinder iiuid pressure engine for rotating such hammercylinder, a single supply opening in the supporting frame provided withbranch passages running to the hammer vcylinder and the fluid pressureengine, a plug valve arranged in the supporting frame at the singlesupply opening to intercept the above channels and open and close thesame, such Valve having two passages therethrough-one of uniform sizethroughout to open the passage to the hammer cylinder and the other ofvarying size dmit a small amount of pressure at first to theA iuid sureengine and finally to the maximum amount, suhtially as described.

i. In mechanisms of the class described, the combinaof a supportingframe portion, a hammer cylinder tably mounted therein and providedwith. an axial ling to receive the shank 01': a drill or similar tool, and opening parallel withv the first named axial opento receive a watertube and extending outwardly to exterior cylindrical surface of thehammer cylinder, an annular water channel formed between the hammer1der` and the supporting frame and connecting' with channel of the watertube and provided with an inlet ing to receive a supply pipe or similarelement so as irnsli Water when desired to the drill or similar tool,tantially as described.

i. In mechanisms of the class described, the coinbinaof a swveling baseportion, a supporting frame prliaving' a saddle slidingly mounted onsuch hase p01'- a tubular portion connected with such frame saddle leansol' a plurality of pillars, a casing providing' an ne chamber at therear end of such tubular portion .ected integrally With the saddleframe, a hammer cylr rotatably mounted in the tubular portion of thesuping frame and provided with an axial opening in the t end thereof toreceive the shank of a drill or similar a multiple cylinder iluidpressure engine rotatably nted in Athe engine chamber `at the rear ofthe tubular ion and connected with the hammer cylinder for ro- 11.; thesaine, a removable cap portion secured to the of the casingr tocompletely close the engine chamber in Which the iiuid engine rotatesand form one journal bearing for such tluid pressure engine, and feedscrew and nut mechanism connecting the saddle and swiveling basetogether to feed the mechanisms forward, substantially as described.

27. In mechanisms of the class described, the combination of a hammercylinder having an axial bore of large and small diameters, the largediameter being arranged at or near the rear portion of such cylinder, aset of inlet passages al: 0r near the front of the large bore in thehammer cylinder and a set of passages to the rear of the inlet passages,being' all o1 the inlet and exhaust passages in such cylinder,ivy-passes in such hammer cylinder in the large bore thereof arrangedlongitudinally` between the exhaust passages to permit air to passaround the same to the rear of the cylinder, a percussion hammer in suchhammer cylinder formed of larg-e and small diameters, the small diameterbeing the hammer portion and in front and the large diameter at 'cherear to furnish a larger superficial area and also to open and cut offthe exhaust, a stepped bore in the rear of such hammer cylinder, and acap secured to the rear of the hammer cylinder and provided with aplunger arranged to enter the smaller bore of the percussion hammer whensuch hammer reaches its rear limit of motion to cushion the same andprevent jar or shock, substantially as described.

FREDERICK HART.

Witnesses z G. H. SHERMAN, F. H. M. HART.

